Non-ferrous metal and alloy product brand name, provisions to Chinese phonetic alphabet or international element symbol as the word code, said its category, such as L or AL said aluminum,T or Cu said copper.

1. Non-ferrous metal classification and product brand representation method

First, the classification of non-ferrous metals
(1) Non-ferrous pure metals are divided into five categories: heavy metals, light metals, precious metals, semi-metals and rare metals.
(2) non-ferrous alloy according to the alloy system: heavy non-ferrous metal alloy, light non-ferrous metal alloy, precious metal alloy, rare metal alloy, etc. According to the use of alloy can be divided into: deformation (pressure processing alloy), casting alloy, bearing alloy, printing alloy, hard alloy, solder, intermediate alloy, metal powder, etc.
(3) non-ferrous materials are classified by chemical composition: copper and copper alloy materials, aluminum and aluminum alloy materials, lead and lead alloy materials, nickel and nickel alloy materials, titanium and titanium alloy materials. According to the shape classification, can be divided into: plate, strip, strip, foil, tube, rod, line, type and other varieties.

Two, product brand expression method
(1) naming principle of nonferrous metals and alloy product brand name, provisions to Chinese phonetic alphabet or international element symbol as the word code, said its category, such as L or AL said aluminum, T or Cu said copper. Subject terms are followed by component numbers in combination with product categories. That is, the code name after the subject word can represent the state, characteristics or main ingredients of the product, such as LF for anti-rust aluminum (L) alloy; LD is aluminum (L) alloy made by forging (D); LY is hard (Y) aluminum (L) alloy, the key word of these three alloys is aluminum alloy (L). For example, QSn is a kind of tin (Sn) which is the main added element in green (Q) copper. Qal9-4 refers to the aluminum (AL) in green (Q) copper, and the added element aluminum is 9% and other added elements are 4%. The theme word of these two alloys is bronze (Q). Therefore, the product code is by the standard (GB340-78) provisions of the theme word Chinese phonetic alphabet, chemical element symbols and Arabic numerals combined to express the method.
The state, processing method and characteristic code of non-ferrous metal and alloy products shall be denoted by the prescribed Chinese phonetic alphabet. Such as hot processed R (hot), quenched C (quenched), no aluminum coated B (not), fine particle X (fine) and so on. But there are a few exceptions, such as good surface O (figuratively perfect) and so on.
§2 Copper and copper alloys

A, pure copper
Pure copper is rose red metal, the surface of the formation of copper oxide film is purple, so industrial pure copper is often called red copper or electrolytic copper. The density is 8-9g/cm3, and the melting point is 1083°C. Pure copper conductivity is very good, a lot of used in the manufacture of wire, cable, brush, etc. Good thermal conductivity, commonly used to manufacture magnetic instruments and instruments to prevent magnetic interference, such as compass, aviation instruments; Excellent plasticity, easy hot pressing and cold pressure processing, can be made into tubes, rods, wires, strips, strips, plates, foils and other copper materials. Pure copper products are smelted and processed products.

Two, copper alloy
(1) brass
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. The simplest brass is a copper-zinc binary alloy called simple brass or plain brass. Different mechanical properties of brass can be obtained by changing the content of zinc in brass. The higher the content of zinc in brass, its strength is higher, slightly lower plasticity. The zinc content of brass used in industry is not more than 45%, and the higher zinc content will produce brittleness, so that the alloy performance deteriorates.
In order to improve the performance of brass, the brass with other alloying elements is called special brass. Common alloying elements include silicon, aluminum, tin, lead, manganese, iron and nickel. The yield strength and corrosion resistance of brass can be improved by adding aluminum to brass, and the plasticity can be reduced slightly. Brass containing less than 4% aluminum has good processing, casting and other comprehensive properties. Adding 1% tin to brass can significantly improve the ability of brass to resist sea water and Marine atmospheric corrosion, so it is called "naval brass". Tin can also improve the machining performance of brass. The main purpose of adding lead to brass is to improve the machinability and wear resistance. Lead has little effect on the strength of brass. Manganese brass has good mechanical properties, thermal stability and corrosion resistance. The properties of manganese brass can be improved by adding aluminum to it, and the casting with smooth surface can be obtained. Brass can be divided into casting and pressure - working products. Chemical composition of brass commonly used for machining.
(2) the bronze
Bronze is one of the earliest alloys used in history. It originally refers to copper-tin alloy. It is called bronze because of its bluish gray color. In order to improve the technological and mechanical properties of the alloy, other alloying elements, such as lead, zinc and phosphorus, are added into most of the bronze. Because tin is a scarce element, many tin-free wuxi bronzes are also used in industry, which are not only cheap, but also have the required special properties. Wuxi bronze mainly includes aluminum bronze, beryllium bronze, manganese bronze and silicon bronze. In addition, there are three - or four-yuan bronzes of more complex composition. Copper alloys other than brass and white copper (copper-nickel alloy) are now called bronze.
Tin bronze has higher mechanical properties, better corrosion resistance, friction reduction and good casting performance; Low sensitivity to overheat and gas, good welding performance, no ferromagnetism, small shrinkage coefficient. Tin bronze has higher corrosion resistance than brass in air, sea water, fresh water and steam. Aluminum bronze has higher mechanical properties than tin bronze, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, cold resistance, heat resistance, no ferromagnetism, good fluidity, no segregation tendency, can get dense castings. The properties of aluminum bronze can be further improved by adding elements such as iron, nickel and manganese.
Bronze is also divided into two main categories: pressure work and cast products.
(3) the white brass
The copper - based alloy with nickel as the main addition element is silvery white, called white copper. The copper-nickel binary alloy is called ordinary copper, and the copper-nickel alloy with manganese, iron, zinc and aluminum is called complex copper. Pure copper and nickel can significantly improve the strength, corrosion resistance, resistance and thermoelectric property. Industrial white copper is divided into structural white copper and electrical white copper according to different performance characteristics and uses, respectively to meet a variety of corrosion resistance and special electrical and thermal properties.

Three, copper
A variety of shapes made of pure copper or copper alloy, including rod, wire, plate, belt, strip, tube, foil and so on, collectively referred to as copper. The processing of copper has rolling, extrusion and drawing methods, copper plate and strip hot rolling and cold rolling; And strip and foil are cold rolled; Pipe and bar are divided into extruded products and pull products; The wires are drawn.
§3 Aluminium and aluminium alloys
Aluminum is a kind of light metal with low density (2.79/Cm3) and good strength and plasticity. Aluminum alloy has good strength, the strength of super duralumin can reach 600Mpa, and the tensile strength of ordinary duralumin can reach 200-450mpa. Its specific steel degree is much higher than steel, so it is widely used in mechanical manufacturing. Aluminum is third only to silver and copper in conducting electricity and is used in making all kinds of wires. Aluminum has good thermal conductivity and can be used as a variety of cooling materials. Aluminum also has good corrosion resistance and good plasticity, suitable for all kinds of pressure processing.
Aluminum alloy can be divided into deformation aluminum alloy and casting aluminum alloy according to the processing method. Deformation aluminum alloy is divided into non-heat treatment and can be heat treatment of aluminum alloy. Non-heat treatment can not be strengthened by heat treatment to improve mechanical properties, can only be strengthened by cold processing deformation, it mainly includes high purity aluminum, industrial high purity aluminum, industrial pure aluminum and rust-proof aluminum. Heat treatable reinforced aluminum alloy can be improved by heat treatment means such as quenching and aging to improve the mechanical properties, it can be divided into hard aluminum, forged aluminum, super hard aluminum and special aluminum alloy.
Aluminum alloy can be heat treated to obtain good mechanical properties, physical properties and corrosion resistance.
Cast aluminum alloy can be divided into aluminum silicon alloy, aluminum copper alloy, aluminum magnesium alloy and aluminum zinc alloy according to chemical composition.

I. Pure aluminum products
Pure aluminum smelting products and pressure processing products two categories, the former to chemical composition Al, the latter with Chinese pinyin LG (aluminum, industrial use).

Two, pressure processing aluminum alloy
Aluminum alloy pressure processing products are divided into anti rust (LF), hard (LY), forging (LD), super hard (LC), coating (LB), special (LT) and brazing (LQ) and other seven categories. Commonly used aluminum alloy materials for annealing (M braised), hardening (Y), hot rolling (R) and other three.

Three, aluminium
Aluminum and aluminum alloy processed into a certain shape of the material referred to as aluminum, including plate, strip, foil, tube, rod, line, type, etc.

Four, casting aluminum alloy
Cast aluminum alloy (ZL) can be divided into four categories according to the main elements other than aluminum, silicon, copper, magnesium and zinc, with codes of 100, 200, 300 and 400 respectively.

Five, high strength aluminum alloy
High strength aluminum alloy refers to its tensile strength is greater than 480 mpa aluminum alloy, mainly pressure processing aluminum alloy duralumin, super duralumin and casting alloy.